Ua ntej-construction Preparations#drilling machine road construction#
1. Kev Npaj Txuj Ci: Ua ntej kev tsim kho pib, qhov project tus thawj coj ua haujlwm yuav npaj cov lus qhia luv luv rau txhua tus neeg ua haujlwm tsim kho, qhia txog cov kev xav tau tshwj xeeb rau cov txheej txheem tseem ceeb, cov kev cai tseem ceeb, cov qauv zoo, thiab cov hom phiaj zoo. Ua ntej- kev cob qhia kev nyab xeeb txoj haujlwm tseem yuav muab rau cov neeg ua haujlwm hauv txoj haujlwm tseem ceeb.
2. Kev txhawb nqa kev tsim kho:
① Ua ntej kev tsim kho pib, ua tiav kev npaj xws li cov khoom tuaj txog, kev teeb tsa, thiab kev ua haujlwm.
② Ua ntej drilling, txheeb xyuas qhov sib koom ua ke ntawm txhua pawg. Kev ntsuas thiab kev teeb tsa ua haujlwm tsuas yog ua tiav tom qab kev txheeb xyuas.
③ Raws li tag nrho cov phiaj xwm hauv cheeb tsam no, npaj cov txheej txheem ntawm kev siv dej, hluav taws xob, kev tsim kho kev nkag mus, cov chaw ib ntus, thiab cov chaw khaws khoom ua ntej (saib qhov chaw npaj kom paub meej).
④ Kev siv dej rau qhov project no yog kwv yees li 10 m³ / h; lub zog siv rau kev tsim kho thiab teeb pom kev zoo yuav ua tau raws li 100 kW.
V. Kev tsim kho tshuab thiab kev tswj xyuas
Kev sim drilling yuav tsum tau ua ua ntej kev tsim kho. Lub hom phiaj yog los kho ntau yam kev tsim kho tsis tau thiab txheeb xyuas qhov ua tau thiab kev ntseeg tau ntawm cov txheej txheem teb drilling. Kev sim drilling yuav tsum tau ua nrog txoj kab uas hla ntawm 1.5m thiab qhov tob tshaj 50m, nrog kev soj ntsuam tas li thiab raws sijhawm, raug kaw.
1. Drilling
① Kev Tshawb Fawb thiab Tso Tawm: Kev soj ntsuam thiab teeb tsa yuav ua tiav los ntawm pab pawg neeg soj ntsuam. Cov neeg ua hauj lwm yuav tsum tau coj cov kev soj ntsuam xyuas cov ntsiab lus raws li lub hauv paus layout rau pawg pov thawj txoj hauj lwm. Cov ntsiab lus tswj xyuas no yuav tsum tau cim nrog cov cim tiv thaiv. Cov kauj ruam tom ntej ntawm kev tsim kho tsuas tuaj yeem ua tau tom qab tus kws saib xyuas kev tswj xyuas.
Tom qab cov pawg ua haujlwm raug cim, φ8 steel tuav yog siv los kos rau plaub lub kaum ntse ntse ua cov cim tiv thaiv pawg. Tom qab rov- ntsuas, cov casings tiv thaiv raug teeb tsa raws li cov cim no. Plaub lub kaum sab xis tswj pawg yog tom qab ntawd hloov mus rau qhov chaw tiv thaiv, thiab qhov nruab nrab ntawm lub borehole yog cim nrog crosshair. Lub drilling rig yog tom qab ntawd ua raws li txoj haujlwm borehole raws li cov cim no.
② Kev Tiv Thaiv Casing Installation: Txhawm rau kom muaj kev ruaj ntseg ntawm lub borehole thiab tiv thaiv lub qhov borehole vau, cov casings tiv thaiv yuav tsum tau nruab rau ntawm qhov qhib qhov qhib. Cov hlau casing nrog txoj kab uas hla ntawm 2.2m thiab phab ntsa thickness ntawm 8 hli yog siv. Qhov ntev yuav tsum siab tshaj 2.2m, thiab lub casing yuav tsum ncav cuag 0.5m saum toj thiab hauv av theem. Thaum lub sij hawm casing installation, qhov tso cai sib txawv ntawm nws centerline thiab pawg centerline yuav tsum tsis txhob ntau tshaj 50mm, thiab lub casing yuav tsum tau xyuas kom meej ntsug. Lub casing yuav tsum yog 1.5m saum toj no dej hauv av. Qhov chaw nyob ib ncig ntawm lub excavated thiab ntsia casing yuav tsum tau backfilled nrog av nplaum nyob rau hauv cov khaubncaws sab nraud povtseg thiab compacted.
Hla -zoo li tus ncej ntawm cov ceg txheem ntseeg tau nruab ib ncig ntawm lub qhov qhib.
③ Drilling: Qhov project no siv lub rotary drilling rig. R518 hydraulic crawler drilling rig muaj tus kheej - qhov hnyav ntawm 58t, lub zog ntawm 220KW, qhov tso zis torque ntawm 176KN·m, lub qhov taub ntawm 1.8m, thiab qhov tob ntawm 66m. Nws siv lub cav diesel rau nws tus kheej- lub zog ua haujlwm, thiab lub tshuab traction siv lub tshuab crawler kom yooj yim txav thiab hloov mus rau qhov chaw nyuaj. Lub tshuab drilling siv lub taub hau hydraulic los tsav lub laum pas nrig, thiab lub laum me ntsis txiav cov av. Lub laum pas nrig yog telescopic, yuav tsum tsis muaj installation lossis disassembly, thiab nta ua tau - hauv cov twj paj nruag (ob qho tib si hluav taws xob thiab tshuab) los saib xyuas qhov tob thiab qhov borehole inclination txhua lub sijhawm.
Ua ntej drilling pib, pawg pawg yuav tsum yog nyob rau hauv thiab ib tug crosshair kos. Tom qab ua kom tiav nrog txoj haujlwm pawg, qhov drilling tsuas tuaj yeem pib tom qab ntawm - cov neeg ua haujlwm hauv chaw haujlwm tau tshuaj xyuas thiab pom zoo ua haujlwm, thiab ntawm - tus saib xyuas qhov chaw tau txais kev lees paub. Vim qhov dej hauv av siab (1.4 ~ 2.4m qhov tob) thiab cov xuab zeb tuab sab saud (27 ~ 31.8m), qhov borehole vau yog qhov muaj feem ntau. Yog li ntawd, PHP tshuaj drilling av nkos yog xav tau rau kev tiv thaiv phab ntsa thaum tsim kho,
thiab cov ntsiab lus hauv qab no yuav tsum tau ua raws li:
a. Cov av nkos sib piv yuav tsum tau txiav txim siab los ntawm kev sim, nrog viscosity tswj ntawm 20 ~ 22s, xuab zeb cov ntsiab lus<0.5%, and specific gravity <1.10.
b. The mud used for the first time should be thoroughly mixed according to testing, with a mixing time >2 feeb.
c. Thaum drilling pib (hauv 5m hauv qab ntawm qhov chaw), ua ntej maj mam nrog lub teeb siab, tsim nyog ncua lub sijhawm drilling. Siab - zoo PHP tshuaj av nkos (ua los ntawm bentonite, alkali, PHP, thiab dej) yuav tsum tau txhaj rau hauv lub qhov tam sim ntawd kom sib npaug ntawm qhov tsim siab thiab tsim cov av nkos nyob ib ncig ntawm lub qhov phab ntsa los tiv thaiv nws. Tom qab ntawd lub laum me ntsis yuav tsum tau siv los tig excavate thiab txiav cov av, nqa lub laum me ntsis tawm ntawm lub qhov. Lub laum me ntsis lub hau hauv qab yuav tsum qhib kom muab cov av pov tseg rau hauv lub thoob loader thiab thauj mus rau qhov chaw uas tau xaiv.
d. Vim lub xoob tsim nyob rau hauv qhov project no, qhov drilling ceev yuav tsum tau tswj thaum lub sij hawm ib txwm drilling, nrog maj mam lifting thiab maj mam txo. Txhua qhov hla yuav tsum tsis pub tshaj 0.5m. Thaum ntsib cov xuab zeb txheej, cov xuab zeb -scooping laum me ntsis yuav tsum tau siv, nce mus rau pem hauv ntej thiab rov qab los kaw qhov qhib hauv qab. Thaum ntsib cov av txheej, yuav tsum siv cov av nplaum laum me ntsis. Cov av nkos yuav tsum tau txhaj rau hauv lub qhov nrog rau qhov kev txhim kho drilling los tiv thaiv phab ntsa ntawm lub qhov.
e. nruj me ntsis tswj cov av nkos theem nyob rau hauv lub borehole. Siv cov av nkos tank txuas nrog lub borehole ntawm cov av nkos kom ntxiv cov av nkos tam sim. Thaum lub sij hawm tsim kho, cov av nkos yuav tsum tsis txhob qis dua 30 cm hauv qab ntawm lub casing.
f. Nyob ze ntawm qhov kawg ntawm qhov drilling, siv lub hauv qab - sealing, xuab zeb- tshem tawm cov laum me ntsis kom txo tau qhov - rov qab qhov tob (kwv yees li 30cm), maj mam tshem cov av nkos los ntawm hauv qab ntawm lub qhov. Thaum ncav cuag qhov kawg drilling qhov tob, ncua rau 20-30 feeb kom tso cov khib nyiab hauv cov av nkos kom daws, tom qab ntawd tshem tawm nrog lub laum me ntsis.
g. Tom qab ntxuav lub borehole, cov av nkos viscosity yuav tsum tau tswj ntawm 18-20 Pa·s, nrog rau cov xuab zeb.<4%, and a sediment thickness ≤50cm. The mud specific gravity can be determined after a trial drilling.
Drilling cov ntaub ntawv yuav tsum tau ua kom zoo zoo thaum lub sij hawm drilling txheej txheem, nthuav dav cov kev hloov hauv kev tsim, txhua yam teeb meem ntsib, thiab cov kev ntsuas thiab cov teebmeem tshwm sim. Yog tias pom muaj kev tsis sib haum xeeb, ntawm - cov neeg ua haujlwm hauv chaw haujlwm yuav tsum tau ceeb toom tam sim. Tus neeg teb xov tooj drilling rig lossis foreman yuav tsum kos npe rau cov ntaub ntawv. Thaum lub borehole qhov tob mus txog qhov tsim qhov tob, tus kws kho qhov project yuav ua qhov kev tshuaj xyuas qhov zoo ntawm qhov borehole. Yog tias qhov ua tau zoo raws li cov qauv tsim thiab cov lus qhia tshwj xeeb, tus thawj saib xyuas yuav ua qhov kev tshuaj xyuas thib ob kom pom zoo.
2. Reinforceing Cage Transportation and Placement: Lub tawb reinforcing yog fabricated nyob rau hauv peb seem. Tom qab dhau los ntawm tus thawj saib xyuas qhov kev lees paub, nws yuav raug thauj mus rau qhov chaw ua haujlwm boring qhov chaw uas siv lub tsheb thauj khoom hnyav hnyav. Thaum muab lub tawb nqa khoom ntxiv, nws yuav raug tshem tawm siv ob lossis peb lub ntsiab lus (teeb tsa cov ntsiab lus nqa ntawm lub quarter lossis thib tsib ntawm lub tawb) siv lub crane hooks. Tom qab lub tawb nqa horizontally, lub lifting ceev ntawm lub crane hooks yuav raug kho kom nws yog upright, tiv thaiv twisting, dabtsi yog khoov, thiab mus tas li deformation. Rau kev thauj mus los ntawm kab rov tav thiab nqa, lub log ntev ntawm qhov tsawg kawg yog 5.0m yuav tsum tau siv los txhawb nqa cov ntsiab lus nqa. Lub tawb yuav tsum tau ua raws li txoj haujlwm borehole, nqa vertically thiab stably, thiab qis qis kom tsis txhob muaj kev sib tsoo nrog phab ntsa borehole.
Ua ntej txo qis lub pob tawb, qhov chaw thaiv ntawm lub tawb yuav tsum tau kuaj xyuas kom ntseeg tau tias lub thickness ntawm cov pob zeb ua. Tsis tas li ntawd, thaum lub sij hawm ua vaj tse pouring, hooks thiab jacking kav yuav tsum tau siv los tiv thaiv lub reinforcing tawb los ntawm floating los yog dab dej.
Thaum welding ob ntu ntawm lub pob tawb ntxiv ntawm lub qhov qhib qhov qhib, ib leeg - ib sab phaj vuam yog siv nyob rau hauv 20m hauv qab pawg saum toj kawg nkaus, nrog rau qhov zoo weld ntev ntawm 10d, dav ntawm 0.7d, thiab thickness ntawm 0.3d; tack welding yog siv hauv qab 20m, nrog rau qhov ntev ntawm 28d. Cov pob qij txha yog staggered los xyuas kom meej tias cov pob qij txha nyob rau hauv tib seem tsis pub tshaj 50% ntawm tag nrho cov xov tooj ntawm reinforcing tuav. Qhov sib nrug ntawm cov pob qij txha uas nyob ib sab yog ntau dua lossis sib npaug li 35d.
Tom qab kev txhim kho lub tawb welding tiav lawm, stirrups yuav tsum tau ntxiv rau qhov sib koom ua ke. Lub tawb tsuas tuaj yeem txo qis tom qab lees txais los ntawm - tus saib xyuas qhov chaw. Qhov chaw ntawm lub tawb nqa khoom yog txiav txim siab raws li cov txheej txheem tsim pawg, siv lub qhov chaw lossis vuam ntawm nqa cov tuav. Qhov ntev ntawm lub lifting tuav yog txiav txim siab raws li qhov tsim ntawm qhov siab ntawm lub pob tawb thiab qhov siab ntawm lub casing. Qhov tso cai sib txawv nyob rau hauv lub reinforcing tawb fabrication zoo yog: lub ntsiab bar spacing ± 20mm, stirrup spacing 0-20mm, reinforcing tawb ntev ± 10mm; reinforcing tawb inch ± 5mm, tiv thaiv txheej thickness ± 10mm.#drilling tshuab txoj kev tsim kho#
3. Qhob Pouring
① Hlau Qhia Cov Yeeb Nkab Qis thiab Thib Ob Qhov Kev Tu: Cov pob zeb hauv qab dej hauv qhov project no yuav siv txoj kev qhia xov hlau. Daim ntawv qhia xaim yuav muaj ib txoj kab uas hla ntawm φ250mm, thiab kev sib khi yuav tsum tau ua ua ntej siv.
Ua ntej txo qis cov lus qhia ntawm cov xaim, npaj cov lus qhia yuav tsum tau xaim raws li lub qhov tob, ntsuas kom raug thiab sau qhov ntev thiab tus naj npawb ntawm cov lus qhia xaim siv. Thaum txo qis cov lus qhia ntawm cov xaim, xyuas kom nruj kev sib txuas. Tom qab cov ntawv qhia xaim tau qis rau hauv lub qhov, qhov kawg hauv qab yuav tsum yog 0.25 ~ 0.4m los ntawm hauv qab ntawm lub qhov. Daim ntawv qhia xaim yuav tsum nyob rau ntawm qhov chaw ntawm lub borehole. Tom qab cov ntawv qhia xaim tau qis dua, rov ntsuas lub qhov tob thiab qhov tuab ntawm cov xuab zeb hauv qab ntawm lub qhov. Yog tias cov xuab zeb nyob hauv qab ntawm lub qhov ntau tshaj qhov yuav tsum tau ua, kev tu lub qhov thib ob yuav tsum tau ua los ntawm kev siv cov ntawv qhia xaim kom txog thaum cov sediment thickness nyob rau hauv qab ntawm lub qhov ua tau raws li qhov yuav tsum tau ua.
② Kev Txhaum Cai Txhaum Cai: Cov pob zeb ua pob zeb yuav siv txoj kev qhia xaim. Lub zais zis uas muaj txoj kab uas hla me dua li cov kab ntawv qhia txoj kab uas hla tuaj yeem siv tau los ua dej - nres ntsaws. Lub crane yuav raug siv los nqa cov ntawv qhia xaim rau kev ua vaj tse.
a. Tom qab ntxuav lub qhov, tso lub zais zis - hom dej - nres ntsaws rau hauv cov ntawv qhia xaim, teeb tsa lub thoob thawj zaug, thiab npaj rau lub ncuav. a) Pob zeb poob: 18-20cm; Qhob zog qib: C25.
b) Before pouring, check the slump and workability of the concrete at the borehole opening. Pouring can only begin when the slump meets the requirements for underwater pouring and the workability is good. For the initial pouring, the concrete truck should drive directly to the borehole opening and discharge concrete into the hopper. Once the hopper is full (2m³), pouring should begin. Simultaneously, any remaining concrete from the truck should be added to the hopper. During this process, ensure the hopper is always filled. The initial pouring volume is 6m³. Ensure the grout pipe is buried at a depth >1.5m nyob rau hauv lub pob zeb tom qab thawj zaug ncuav.
c) Thaum lub sij hawm pouring txheej txheem, ntsuas qhov nce ntawm cov pob zeb thiab xam cov yeeb nkab embedment qhov tob. Ua tib zoo sau cov ntaub ntawv pov thawj hauv qab dej. Tam sim ntawd nqa cov yeeb nkab tremie. Lub tremie yeeb nkab embedment qhov tob hauv cov pob zeb yuav tsum tau tswj ntawm 3-6m. Txhawm rau kom ntseeg tau tias qhov zoo ntawm pawg saum toj kawg nkaus, qee qhov ntawm cov pob zeb yuav tsum tau nchuav dhau ntawm qhov tsim pawg saum toj kawg nkaus. Qhov kev tso dej ntau dhau yuav tsum tau tswj tsis pub dhau 0.5 ~ 1.0m, thiab cov pob zeb nchuav yuav tsum tau txuas ntxiv yam tsis muaj kev cuam tshuam.
4. Cov ntsiab lus tseem ceeb thiab kev ntsuas rau kev tsim kho kom muaj txiaj ntsig zoo txhawm rau ua kom lub phiaj xwm ua tiav raws sijhawm, ua tau zoo, thiab muaj txiaj ntsig zoo, txhua txoj kev tsim kho tseem ceeb yuav tsum tau tswj nruj heev.#drilling tshuab txoj kev tsim kho#
